The mitral valve prevents back flow and supports the function of the left ventricle (main pumping chamber of the heart). When it fails to close properly, it allows the blood to backward into the upper left chamber of the heart (left atrium). Leakage increases blood volume and pressure in the left atrium. If the regurgitation is severe, the increased pressure results in congestive heart failure (fluid build-up in the lungs).
Common clinical presentations of congestive heart failure include: cough, lethargy, exercise intolerance, shortness of breath, syncope and sometimes death.